Mill 1045 medium carbon steel with a HSS end mill at about 80 SFM: 611 RPM for a 1/2 inch cutter, 4 flutes, about 0.0020 inch per tooth.
What RPM and feed for 1045 medium carbon steel?
| Cutter | Ideal RPM | Chip load (in/tooth) | Flutes | Feed at ideal RPM (IPM) | Feed if capped at 2500 RPM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.125" | 2,445 | 0.0005 | 4 | 4.9 | 4.9 |
| 0.1875" | 1,630 | 0.0008 | 4 | 4.9 | 4.9 |
| 0.25" | 1,222 | 0.0010 | 4 | 4.9 | 4.9 |
| 0.375" | 815 | 0.0015 | 4 | 4.9 | 4.9 |
| 0.5" | 611 | 0.0020 | 4 | 4.9 | 4.9 |
| 0.75" | 407 | 0.0030 | 4 | 4.9 | 4.9 |
Tools for cutting 1045 medium carbon steel
How does 1045 medium carbon steel machine?
1045 is a stronger, harder medium carbon steel used for shafts and pins. It machines to a better finish than 1018 but needs slower speeds and a rigid setup; it can be flame hardened after machining.
Why a HSS end mill?
HSS end mills are the forgiving choice on a light hobby mill: they tolerate chatter and interrupted cuts that chip carbide, they are cheap to replace, and they cut well at the modest spindle speeds benchtop mills offer.
Adjust speeds with the RPM calculator and milling feeds with the feed rate calculator. The cutting speed chart compares every material.
Frequently asked questions
What SFM for 1045 medium carbon steel?
A starting surface speed of 80 SFM with HSS and 300 SFM with carbide, and 70 SFM for HSS drills. These are conservative for hobby machines; raise them in steps if the chips come off clean and the tool stays cool. 1045 medium carbon steel rates fair (about 57%) for machinability.
What happens if my machine cannot reach the RPM?
Run at your top speed. Running below the ideal surface speed only makes the job slower; it does not damage the tool. For milling and drilling, keep the chip load per tooth or feed per revolution the same so the edge keeps cutting instead of rubbing, which lowers the feed in inches per minute in proportion.
Other tools in 1045 medium carbon steel
Other materials with a HSS end mill
- 6061-T6 aluminum
- 7075-T6 aluminum
- 360 free-machining brass
- 932 bearing bronze
- 110 copper
- 12L14 leaded steel
- 1018 cold rolled steel
- 4140 alloy steel (annealed)
- All